CVE-2026-27699: Basic FTP has Path Traversal Vulnerability in its downloadToDir() method

The basic-ftp library contains a path traversal vulnerability in the downloadToDir() method. A malicious FTP server can send directory listings with filenames containing path traversal sequences (../) that cause files to be written outside the intended download directory.

Source-to-Sink Flow

1. SOURCE: FTP server sends LIST response
└─> "-rw-r--r-- 1 user group 1024 Jan 20 12:00 ../../../etc/passwd"

2. PARSER: parseListUnix.ts:100 extracts filename
└─> file.name = "../../../etc/passwd"

3. VALIDATION: parseListUnix.ts:101 checks
└─> if (name === "." || name === "..") ❌ (only filters exact matches)
└─> "../../../etc/passwd" !== "." && !== ".." ✅ PASSES

4. SINK: Client.ts:707 uses filename directly
└─> const localPath = join(localDirPath, file.name)
└─> join("/safe/download", "../../../etc/passwd")
└─> Result: "/safe/download/../../../etc/passwd" → resolves to "/etc/passwd"

5. FILE WRITE: Client.ts:512 opens file
└─> fsOpen(localPath, "w") → writes to /etc/passwd (outside intended directory)

Vulnerable Code

File: src/Client.ts:707

protected async _downloadFromWorkingDir(localDirPath: string): Promise<void> {
await ensureLocalDirectory(localDirPath)
for (const file of await this.list()) {
const localPath = join(localDirPath, file.name) // ⚠️ VULNERABLE
// file.name comes from untrusted FTP server, no sanitization
await this.downloadTo(localPath, file.name)
}
}

Root Cause:

• Parser validation (parseListUnix.ts:101) only filters exact . or .. entries
• No sanitization of ../ sequences in filenames
• path.join() doesn't prevent traversal, fs.open() resolves paths

Impact

A malicious FTP server can:

• Write files to arbitrary locations on the client filesystem
• Overwrite critical system files (if user has write access)
• Potentially achieve remote code execution

Affected Versions

• Tested: v5.1.0
• Likely: All versions (code pattern exists since initial implementation)

Mitigation

Workaround: Do not use downloadToDir() with untrusted FTP servers.

Fix: Sanitize filenames before use:

import { basename } from 'path'

// In _downloadFromWorkingDir:
const sanitizedName = basename(file.name) // Strip path components
const localPath = join(localDirPath, sanitizedName)